In 2012, one out of every nine deaths was the result of air pollution related conditions. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. According to an estimate of 1999, the cost of environmental degradation in egypt is of the order. Effect of air pollution on archaeological buildings in cairo. Definitions and classifications used in the study of air pollution are introduced. Jan 06, 2020 with the 2010 revolution in egypt, it is unclear who will step in to replace the old government, and societal questions such as how to deal with air pollution are up in the air. A week of coverage by bbc news looking at ways to cut air pollution. Air pollution doesnt just affect the lungs it also affects your sight, smell and taste buds because if the wrong air goes into your eyes, nose or mouth, te body parts wont function properly. Forecast air quality for cities and rural areas days in advance. Air pollution in greater cairo a sector note april 20 sustainable development department middle east and north africa region public disclosure authorized public disclosure authorized public disclosure authorized public disclosure authorized. Outdoor air pollution in cities in egypt annual mean pm2. Egypts climate is an important factor in increasing the pressure of air pollution. Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the earth during the night increasing the amount of co 2 in the atmosphere. Air pollution is a significant risk factor for a number of health conditions including respiratory infections, heart disease, copd, stroke and lung cancer.
In 2011, cairo and delta cities, for which there was air quality data available, had. Air pollutants that are very high are particulate, hydrocarbons and lead. Another significant source is not the wind blown from arid areas around egypt e. There are a few sources that contribute to air pollution in egypt are people burning the garbage and the smoke released by factories, cars and planes. The study revealed the relationship between air pollution waves and rates of hospitalization as a result of those diseases. Water is the basis of life, which is without the life can not exist. A prominent strategy for egypt to reduce air pollutions rate by 50 percent in 2023 was announced by the ministry of environment on monday, june 4. Air pollution emanates from various sources, which include. Wildfires result in the production of smoke, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the office.
Of those deaths, around 3 million are attributable solely to ambient outdoor air pollution. Between the actual cigarette smoking and the air pollution, our lungs didnt have a chance. Air pollution kills 35,000 a year in egypt, with dust. Air pollution is the introduction of particulates, biological molecules, or other harmful gases into earths atmosphere, causing disease, death to humans, damage to other living organisms such as food crops, or the natural or built environment. Egypt is located in a dry area where pre cipitation rarely occurs and surface winds. People are preoccupied with such pollution problems as dirty streets, dirty air and water, and noise, for they aspire to live in a clean, healthy environment. Air pollution and its effects on health case studies, india. Cairo air quality index aqi and egypt air pollution airvisual. Using environmentally friendly cleaning products and disposing it will help reduce the amount of co2 released everyday. The effects of the environmental pollution in egypt. Estimation of pollution in egypt, using perception. Who is working with countries to monitor air pollution and improve air quality.
Air pollution threatens the health of people in many parts of the world. Air pollution may come from anthropogenic or natural sources. Outdoor air pollution is a mix of chemicals, particulate matter, and biological materials that react with each other to form tiny hazardous particles. This column outlines the policies that the egyptian authorities have introduced in an effort to cut emission rates and raise the costs to users of polluting vehicles. Read the air pollution in cairo, egypt with airvisual. Consequently, concerns about air pollution are reflected in the sustainable development goals. The most notable sources of the dust and small particles are transportation, industry and open air wasteburning. Air pollution affects all regions, settings, socioeconomic groups, and age groups. Both ambient outdoor and household indoor air pollution are responsible for about 7 million deaths globally per year. Find out the most polluted cities in the world in 2019.
Pdf on jan 1, 1999, ibrahim hassan and others published air pollution in egypt find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Among the cities reporting to the world health organization, the following have high levels of particulate matter contributing to poor air quality. Prominent egyptian plan to reduce air pollution by 50% in. Sources of pollution egypt s climate is an important factor in increasing the pressure of air pollution. Environmental issues are increasingly discussed in egypt, and there is some progress in dealing with pollution. Who data shows that 9 out of 10 people breathe air containing high levels of pollutants. Cairo air quality index aqi and egypt air pollution. This work allows meteorologists and local planners to.
However, the formation and levels of dust, small particles and soot are more characteristic in egypt than presently found in industrialized countries. Chronic exposure to urban air pollution affects lung function, increases the risk of cvd and lung cancer, alters immunity, induces dna and. Reducing the use of energy also means reducing air pollution and helping in decreasing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases as well as saving plants. Chapter 10 air quality department of environmental affairs.
A study was carried out in summer 2000 to evaluate the pollution status of the soil and the. Air pollution in cairo yep its still there the planet d. Read the air pollution in egypt, get realtime, historical and forecast pm2. Pdf effect of air pollution on archaeological buildings in. All of these sources of pollution are preventable with good governance, proper infrastructure, and enforcement of existing regulations for the benefit of the poorest through to the richest in egypt we cannot survive with out clean water. A global problem national center for atmospheric research i durst not laugh for fear of opening my lips and receiving the bad air. In alexandria, egypt, abuqir fertilizers and chemicals industrial company are emitting significant quantities of gases into the atmosphere causing considerable air pollution problems2. A variety of measures has been undertaken or proposed and instituted to curb the effects of air pollution. Download the iqair airvisual world air quality report. Each car releases smoke that contains co2 and other greenhouse gasses that affect the. Sources of pollution egypts climate is an important factor in increasing the pressure of air pollution. The main air pollution problem in egypt is the particulate matter. Egypt water resources 2011 2012 in billion m3 water pollution in egypt. Natural sources of air pollution include volcanoes, which produce sulphur, chlorine and particulates.
Instead of producing new products, one can recycle the old products and wastes thus saving energy, money, and most importantly reducing pollution by avoiding production air pollution from factories chimneys and the transportation of goods by cars which also emit toxic smoke and chemicals as well as water pollution from factories pipes. In helwan area, the agricultural productivity was seriously lowered in more than 0 feddans and some limited areas became bare3. Policies to reduce air pollution in cairo economic research. Each day we witness this major phenomenon, the phenomenon of air pollution. Solving the air pollution problem requires joint effort and takes different ways from one region to another.
The air in egypt is very thick, grey and there is a haze over cairo. In the interactive map we show death rates from air pollution across the world, measured as the number of deaths per 100,000 people of a given country or region. It is said that living in cairo is the equivalent of smoking one pack of cigarettes a day. Air pollution is the main cause of health and environmental damage in egypt. Stationary sources of air pollution include industrial facilities, thermal power plants. How a school science lab experiment is helping tackle the polluting smog that chokes egypts cities. Nov 22, 2019 it is said that living in cairo is the equivalent of smoking one pack of cigarettes a day. This study is a trial to apply the concept of air pollution index api to assess the air quality and its health concerns at one of the heavy traffic streets in alexandria. These include stroke and heart disease, respiratory illness and cancers. For example, it primarily requires behavior change and institutionalization of measures. Additionally, egypts dry climate with its limited rainfall and prevalence of desert.
The changes were positively associated with pm 10 and pm 2. Air pollution air pollution is considered as the most dangerous and the most common type of environmental pollution in the industrial cities where carbon dioxide is the emission of burnt fuel with its harmful negative effects on plants. Vehicle exhaust fumes are a major cause of air pollution in megacities like cairo. And with an estimated 35,000 deaths linked to outdoor air pollution in 2010, egypt had the 11th highest death toll. It is a source of drinking water for humans and animals and the source of agriculture.
Pdf on oct 19, 1999, ibrahim hassan and others published air pollution in egypt. Thats why when you stay in a 5 star hotel, you know you can get sneak away from all toxic air, car exhaust and cigarette smoke. The air quality in downtown cairo is more than 10 to 100 folds of acceptable world standards. Environmental issues are increasingly discussed in egypt, and there is some. Additionally, egypts dry climate with its limited rainfall and prevalence of desert areas. The estimated cost of these health effects was equivalent to 2. Check out which city in the world had the highest level of air pollution pm2.
Marey believes it is a mistake to focus all the attention on biomass burning when the nile delta cities are already so polluted. Julius georg luy, the german ambassador to egypt, in his opening remarks at the 42nd cairo climate talks panel discussion on egypts freshwater challenges and possible future solutions. Pdf on aug 23, 2011, mohamed kamal khallaf and others published effect of air pollution on archaeological buildings in cairo find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Air pollution risk among the cities reporting to the world health organization, the following have high levels of particulate matter contributing to poor air quality. Water scarcity is one of the biggest challenges not just for egypt but for the whole region, declared h. This document is based on research that unep conducted in. This paper examines the environmental understandings of egyptians living in four localities. It creates respiratory problems and exacerbates existing conditions such as asthma and emphysema. Pdf effect of air pollution on archaeological buildings. Also introduced are a brief history of air pollution. Air pollution is a health and environmental issue across all countries of the world, but with large differences in severity. The air pollution in cairo is a matter of serious concern. When continually exposed to air pollution, humans become at higher risk for cardiovascular disease.
Dec 14, 2016 air pollution is known to cause irritation in the eyes, lungs, nose, and throat. Agency eeaa has made good achievements in terms of combating air pollution. Other natural sources of air pollution include domestic animals. Nov 14, 2017 egypts environmental affairs agency has adopted a number of measures to deal with atmospheric pollution from motor vehicles in greater cairo. According to minister khaled fahmy, dust is considered the main problem in egypts air, as. Air pollution kills an estimated seven million people worldwide every year. New estimates in 2018 reveal that 9 out of 10 people breathe air containing high levels of pollutants. Result of survey about air pollution, water pollution, greens and parks satisfaction, light and noise pollution, etc. Project impact of future changes in human activities and climate on air quality. Even on a good day, the egyptian capital and its neighboring nile delta cities suffer from some of the worst air pollution on earth. According to minister khaled fahmy, dust is considered the main problem in egypts air, as most of the countrys nature is desert. People are preoccupied with such pollution problems as dirty streets, dirty air.
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